It is the inherent and sovereign right and duty of every citizen to choose his / her representatives to serve the public. In a changing world, political participation is increasingly delinked from territorial location. Most countries extend franchise to external citizens. Several countries facilitate exercise of franchise through postal ballots (US, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Canada and UK) or at embassies and consulates (Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, France, Russia, Sweden, Philippines, Japan, Dominican Republic and Spain), or through internet voting (France).A Bill to amend Section 20 of the Representation of the People Act 1950 has been introduced in Indian Parliament in 2006, and is still pending. The Bill seeks to extend voting rights to NRIs by treating them as ordinarily resident in India for voting purposes. But the Bill does not provide for postal ballots or other forms of polling for NRIs. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Law and Justice had examined the Bill and recommended that a comprehensive Bill on the subject should be introduced “containing all details regarding the manner of enrollment of the Non-Resident Indians, the mode of voting and the conditionalities for contesting elections.” The government has not acted on it so far.
also read Postal Voting, Proxy Voting, Internet Voting for NRIs..
Loksatta says:Postal Ballot and voting at embassies and consulates are legally feasible, but practically difficult. We have elections for local, state and national legislatures frequently. It is unlikely that postal ballots will be printed for each constituency (4072 state legislative assembly constituencies, and 543 Lok Sabha constituencies apart from countless local elections), sent by mail to NRIs, and marked ballots will be received by the returning officers in time and to be counted. Similarly, it will be a Herculean task for the Indian missions abroad to keep track of all ballot papers in all constituencies and facilitate voting at embassies. Ours is not a presidential or gubernatorial election; we elect our legislators. Internet voting in India is only in the realm of the future.One elegant solution will be proxy voting. As the Parliamentary Committee notes, "presently, the members of armed forces and paramilitary forces have been granted proxy voting, whereas forces deployed outside the states and the officials deployed in the foreign missions have been given postal ballot voting". As explained earlier, postal ballot may not really help in effective political participation. But proxy voting is simple, easy and will facilitate widest possible exercise of franchise by NRIs. For instance, under Rule 27N of the Conduct of Elections rules, 1961, a service voter (member of the armed forces) can appoint any person as his proxy to give vote on his behalf and in his name. Such an appointment of proxy shall be made in the prescribed Form 13F, and it can be revoked in Form 13G, and informed to the Returning Officer before the last date of filing nominations. This is a simple, easy, and fail-safe procedure, and such a facility of proxy voting can be extended to NRIs by law.
· Once internet voting becomes feasible in India, such a facility can be extended to NRIs.
· We need to persuade the Ministry of Law and Justice (which is the nodal ministry on election matters) to revise the draft Bill now pending before Parliament. Such a Bill should incorporate the provisions relating to rights to contest for elective office and proxy voting.
· The revised Bill should be approved by the Union cabinet
The revised Bill should then be introduced in Parliament and enacted The new government and Parliament will have to take it up afresh.
NRIs' Contribution:A group of technocrats and scientists in the United States got together in last week of March ’09 to launch bharatvotes.org., a website aimed at creating voting awareness among the educated middle-class Indians and engaging them in mainstream democracy.
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